Saudi Arabia

Given its massive land area (2.15 million sq km), Saudi Arabia has an extremely low percentage of forest area (0.454%). This is expected due to the arid climate, but it underscores the environmental challenges related to biodiversity and land management in the region.

The vast majority of Saudi Arabia’s population (84.296%) resides in urban areas. This high urbanization rate reflects the concentration of economic activity, infrastructure, and services in major cities like Riyadh and Jeddah, typical of countries with large desert areas.

Saudi Arabia exhibits strong health outcomes, with a life expectancy of 78.73 years, comparable to many Western European nations. Furthermore, the infant mortality rate is remarkably low at 4.900 per 1,000 live births, indicating a high standard of maternal and pediatric care.

A significant achievement reflecting highly developed infrastructure is the 100% access rate to electricity across the population. This level of utility coverage is typical of highly developed nations and highlights the successful allocation of oil wealth into essential public services.