New Caledonia flag

New Caledonia

Capital

Nouméa

Region

Oceania

Population

264,596

Area (km²)

18,575

💡Quick Summary

New Caledonia, a French overseas territory in Oceania, spans 18,575 km² of Pacific islands renowned for their biodiversity, lagoons, and nickel reserves—the world's largest. With a population of about 264,596 and capital in Nouméa, it boasts a diverse culture blending Melanesian, European, and Asian influences, though GDP data is not readily available due to its status. Ongoing debates over independence from France add a layer of political intrigue to this tropical paradise.

Key Insights

High-Income Status Despite Small Population

New Caledonia exhibits a remarkably high GDP per capita, placing it firmly in the high-income bracket globally. This figure ($33,701.89) is comparable to many developed European nations, which is unusual for an island territory with a population under 300,000.

Significant Unemployment Challenge

Despite the high GDP per capita and positive economic growth (2.8%), New Caledonia faces a substantial structural challenge with high unemployment. The rate of 10.939% indicates that economic prosperity is not evenly distributed across the workforce.

Near Universal Access to Electricity

New Caledonia has achieved 100% access to electricity for its population. This is a significant infrastructure achievement, ensuring that all residents, including those in rural areas, benefit from modern energy services, a metric often challenging for island nations.

High Urbanization Rate for an Island Territory

Over two-thirds (67.752%) of New Caledonia's population resides in urban areas, primarily around the capital, Nouméa. This high concentration suggests significant pressure on urban infrastructure and potential regional development disparities compared to the less populated islands.

Economic Indicators
Latest economic data from World Bank

GDP (Current US$)

$9.77B

Year: 2023

GDP Per Capita

$33,701.89

GDP Growth (%)

2.8%

Inflation (%)

N/A%

Unemployment (%)

10.94%

Debt to GDP (%)

N/A%

Source: World Bank • Last updated: 12/24/2025

Historical Trends & Data Visualizations

GDP Growth Rate
Annual percentage change in GDP over time
201820192020202120222023-4.00%-2.00%0.00%2.00%4.00%
  • GDP Growth (%)
Population Growth
Total population over time
2014201520162017201820192020202120222023075,000150,000225,000300,000
  • Population
Life Expectancy
Average life expectancy at birth (years)
20142015201620172018201920202021202220230.0years20.0years40.0years60.0years80.0years
  • Life Expectancy (years)
Renewable Energy Consumption
Percentage of total energy from renewable sources
2014201520162017201820192020202120220.0%3.0%6.0%9.0%12.0%
  • Renewable Energy (%)
GDP Per Capita
Economic output per person (current US$)
2014201520162017201820192020202120222023$0$9,500$19,000$28,500$38,000
  • GDP Per Capita ($)

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