Mongolia

Mongolia's fertility rate of 2.70 is significantly above the replacement level (2.1), indicating a strong potential for continued population growth. This contrasts with many developed and East Asian nations experiencing declining birth rates, suggesting a favorable demographic structure for future labor supply.

Mongolia's forest area accounts for only 9.092% of its total land area. Given its massive size (1.56 million sq km), this low percentage highlights the predominance of steppe and desert environments, making the existing forest resources particularly vulnerable to climate change and resource exploitation.

With a life expectancy of 72.12 years, Mongolia is performing relatively well, comparing favorably to the global average and showing significant progress in health outcomes. Coupled with a low infant mortality rate (11.400 per 1,000 live births), this suggests effective basic healthcare access, especially in urban centers.

Mongolia achieved a robust GDP growth rate of 7.422% in 2023, indicating significant economic activity, likely driven by resource exports. However, this rapid expansion is coupled with high inflationary pressure (10.348%), posing challenges to maintaining purchasing power and economic stability for its citizens.