Andorra

Andorra exhibits an extremely high level of economic prosperity, evidenced by a GDP per capita that rivals or exceeds many larger, developed European nations. This wealth is particularly striking given its small population and total GDP size, suggesting a highly efficient and specialized economy, likely driven by tourism and financial services.

The life expectancy of 84.04 years places Andorra among the global leaders, indicating excellent public health infrastructure and quality of life. This longevity is supported by a relatively high health expenditure percentage of GDP and an extremely low infant mortality rate, suggesting highly effective healthcare delivery.

Despite being a mountainous microstate, Andorra’s population is overwhelmingly urbanized, with nearly 89% living in urban areas. This high concentration contrasts with its large forest cover and indicates that human settlement is intensely focused in the valleys, likely due to the challenging mountainous terrain.

Andorra faces a significant demographic challenge with a very low fertility rate of 1.08 children per woman, far below the replacement level of 2.1. Given the high life expectancy, this suggests that population maintenance and growth are heavily reliant on immigration, which is common among wealthy European microstates.